1.1 WHAT IS SCIENCE
1. We see various natural phenomena in daily life. Natural phenomena are happen in nature.
- lighting, rainbow, melting of ice, growth of a baby into an adult.....etc
- We want to know why and all these things happen. The study of science give us answer.
2. Science is the systematic study of nature and how it affect us and our environment.
3. The information produced from the study of science is known as scientific knowledge
Examples of natural phenomena around us:
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| Tornado and Lighting |
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| Melting of Ice |
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eruption of volcano
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1.2 A Science Laboratory
Every
laboratory apparatus has
its precise use and the people should have the knowledge about the proper use
of
laboratory apparatus or
laboratory glassware.
The
most common
laboratory apparatus and their uses are listed
below:
Beaker = A container used for measuring the liquid.
Barrette =
Used for measuring the volume of the solution.
Wire gauze = used for
spreading the heat of a burner(flame).
Test tube brush = It is used to clean
the test tube.
Droper = It is used for adding the solution drop by
drop.
Magnifying glass = It is used for viewing the minute objects.
Filter
paper = It is used for separating the liquid and the precipitate.
Stirring
rod = It is used for mixing the liquids or distribution of heat in a liquid by
stirring.
Spring balance = used for measuring the mass of the
materials.
Forceps = It is used for holding or picking up small
objects.
Watch glass = It is used for holding small samples of the substances
on which the experiment is performed.
Wash bottle = It is used for dispensing
small quantities of distilled water.
Test-tube holders = It is used for
holding the test tubes.
Test tubes = it is used for holding small samples or
performing small-scale reactions
Pipette - It is used for transferring one
substance into another by measuring.
Centrifuge - It is used for separating
the materials of varying densities from a colloid.
Thermometer - It is used
for measuring the temperature.
PH Scale - It is used for measuring the
acidity or basicity of the solution.
Crucible - it is used for heating a
small amount of a solid substance at a very high temperature.
Tripod = It is
a three-legged stand that supports the wire gauze while heating.
Microscope =
It is used for viewing the ultra minute objects by the process of
magnification.
Multimeter = It is used for measuring the current, voltage and
resistance.
1.3 The Step in Scientific Investigation
Identifying the problem
Forming a hypothesis
Planning the experiment
Controlling the variable
Collecting data
Analysing and interpreting data
Drawing a conclusion
Writing a report
1.4 Physical Quantities and Their Units
There are 5 physical quantities which can be measured, that is length, mass, time, temperature and electric current.
Physical quantities can be measured in SI units
Example: ( ) represent SI unit ; { } represent symbol
1.5 Weight and Mass
Mass is amount of matter in an object. The SI unit for mass is kilogram(kg). Mass of an object can also be measured by using a beam balance or lever balance.
Weight is the gravitational force acting on an object. It was measured in Newton (N). Spring balance is used to measure weight.
1.6 Measuring Tools
Measurement is an important technique in science process
measurement involves measuring length, area and volume.
This is some notes n revision for Form 1 Chapter 1, Science.
Hope this will help u during ur revision.
Next step,i will upload more about question and exercise.^^